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Preface
from the Surgeon General
U.S. Public Health Service
The past century has witnessed extraordinary progress in our improvement of the public health through medical science and ambitious, often innovative, approaches to health care services. Previous Surgeons General reports have saluted our gains while continuing to set ever higher benchmarks for the public health. Through much of this era of great challenge and greater achievement, however, concerns regarding mental illness and mental health too often were relegated to the rear of our national consciousness. Tragic and devastating disorders such as schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, the mental and behavioral disorders suffered by children, and a range of other mental disorders affect nearly one in five Americans in any year, yet continue too frequently to be spoken of in whispers and shame. Fortunately, leaders in the mental health field – fiercely dedicated advocates, scientists, government officials, and consumers – have been insistent that mental health flow in the mainstream of health. I agree and issue this report in that spirit.
This report makes evident that the neuroscience of mental health—a term that enconipasses studies extending from molecular events to psychological, behavioral, and societal phenomena – has emerged as one of the most exciting arenas of scientific activity and human inquiry. We recognize that the brain is the integrator of thought, emotion, behavior, and health. Indeed, one of the foremost contributions of contemporary mental health research is the extent to which it has mended the destructive split between “mental” and “physical” health.
We know more today about how to treat mental illness effectively and appropriately than know with certainty about how to prevent mental illness and promote mental health. Common sense and respect for our fellow humans tells us that a focus on the positive aspects of mental health demands our immediate attention.
Even more than other areas of health and medicine, the mental health field is plagued by disparities in the availability of and access to its services. These disparities are viewed readily through the lenses of racial and cultural diversity, age, and gender. A key disparity often hinges on a person’s financial status; formidable financial barriers block off needed mental health care from too many people regardless of whether one has health insurance with inadequate mental health benefits, or is one of the 44 million Americans who lack any insurance. We have allowed stigma and a now unwarranted sense of hopelessness about the opportunities for recovery from mental illness to erect these barriers. It is time to take them down.
Promoting mental health for all Americans will require scientific know-how but, even more importantly, a societal resolve that we will make the needed investment. The investment does not call for massive budgets; rather, it calls for the willingness of each of us to educate ourselves and others about menial health and mental illness, and thus to confront the attitudes, fear, and misunderstanding that remain as barriers before us. It is my intent that this report will usher in a healthy era of mind and body for the Nation.
David Satcher, MD,PhD
Surgeon General
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Chapter 1: Introduction and Themes
Chapter 2: The Fundamentals of Mental Health and Mental Illness
Chapter 3: Children and Mental Health
Chapter 4: Adults and Mental Health
Chapter 5: Older Adults and Mental Health
Chapter 6: Organizing and Financing Mental Health Services
Chapter 7: Confidentiality of Mental Health Information: Ethical, Legal, and Policy Issues
Chapter 8: A Vision for the Future
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